Cardio vascular surgery is performed by cardiologists on heart and blood vessels. Cardiologist is a doctor who specialized in finding, diagnosing, preventing and treating of heart diseases. Cardio vascular surgeries are generally done to correct heart valve problems, replacement of diseased heart and restore the blood flow. It includes

Open heart surgery, a large incision or cut is made to open rib cage and the surgery proceeds. Coronary artery bypass surgery is performed by attaching harvested arteries from chest, arm, and wrist to the coronary artery and this creates an alternative path to deliver blood supply to heart and the body. Aortic or mitral valve replacement requires sternotomy, a surgical procedure in which an incision is made along the sternum and in some cases invasive techniques through a series of small incisions are made along the chest or through groin. Heart transplant is a surgical procedure in which diseased, failing heart is replaced with healthier donor heart.