The nanophysics is halfway between the dimensions scales of quantum physics and macroscopic physics governed by the laws of Newton and Einstein. The proper explanation of nanophysics is that the physics of constructions and remnants with proportions within the nanometer scale or of occurrence happening in nanoseconds. Modern physical methods whose fundamental are developed in physics laboratories became critically important in nanoscience. Nanophysics brings together multiple disciplines, using theoretical and experimental methods to work out the physical properties of materials within the nanoscale size range. Nanophysics has recently become an unconstrained area of physics, concurrently inflating into many new zones and playing an important role in areas of engineering, chemical, or biological sciences. When things get small or cold (or both), quantum effects start to seem. Nanophysics develop various devices and instruments to reveal and quantify them. Novel materials, structures and devices are constructed through a spread of fabrication techniques, including e-beam lithography, focused-ion-beam milling, nano-manipulation, and self-assembly. They are then tested at temperatures ranging from ambient down to a few tens of mill kelvin using various probes, microscopes and cryostats. Probing the shape and performance of nano-structure and devices requires and inspires the event of ultra-sensitive detectors, sources (of quanta) and microscopes. Physical behavior at the nanometer scale is predicted accurately by quantum mechanics, represented by Schrodinger’s equation. Schrodinger’s equation provides a quantitative understanding of the structure and properties of atoms. Chemical substances, molecules and even the cells of biology being formed of atoms are hence, in process, exactly explained by the well tested articulation of nano-physics. The idea of the limiting size scale of a miniaturized technology is fundamentally interesting for several reasons. As sizes approach the atomic scale, the relevant physical laws change from the classical to the quantum-mechanical laws of nanophysics. The alterations in actions from original to microscopic to atomic scale, are widely understood in modern physics, but the explanations in particular cases are complex and need to be worked out. While the changes from classical physics to nanophysics may mean that some existing devices will fail, the same changes open up possibility-ties for new devices.
