Melanin, a pigment which is present in the skin produced from melanocytes in the skin cells. In the condition of melanoma are the abnormalities in the melanocytes ultimately regarded as the skin cancer, occasionally found in the eyes. In the case men the melanoma is observed on the chest and the back but in the case of women it is frequently found on the legs. It is most found cancer, but the outlook is better when compared to the other dangerous and rare cancers even. There are different stages of skin cancer always early detection of melanoma is more advantageous to give the better treatment. The very initial stage the cancer is found on the very outer surface of the skin which is referred to as the Melanoma in site. The stage one of the melanomas is just about 2mm thick and slowly started to penetrate into the skin. In the second stage of cancer the melanoma is 1mm-4mm in thick but not completely developed into ulcers and not even spread to lymph nodes and internal organs. The third stage of melanoma the spread will happen to the lymph nodes and other possible organs in the body. The fourth stage of melanomas is very serious condition of melanoma in which not lymph nodes are affected but also some of the vital organs like lungs, heart or may be brain the melanoma is spread. The spread of the melanoma is characterised based on whether it is spreading more rapidly superficially or penetrating in depths of the skin. ABCDE examination is most conducted that refers to Asymmetric, Bordered, Colour, Diameter, Evolving of the moles on the surface of the skin. As of to all the cancers the skin specified chemotherapy, immune therapy, targeted therapies are used In the treatment of Melanomas. Avoiding the sun burns and proper care of the skin from UV and sufficient quantities of vitamin D is advised to reduce the risk of melanoma.
